![]() Such fine powders are useful as hydrogenation catalysts. For example, hydrated nickel formate decarboxylates at about 200 ☌ with reduction of the Ni 2+ to finely powdered nickel metal: Formate salts įormate salts have the formula M(O 2CH)(H 2O) x. Ethyl formate is found in some confectionaries. Compared to the more common acetate esters, formate esters are less commonly used commercially because they are less stable. Hydrolysis of methyl formate gives formic acid and regenerates methanol:įormic acid is used for many applications in industry.įormate esters often are fragrant or have distinctive odors. Methanol and carbon monoxide react in the presence of a strong base, such as sodium methoxide: CH 3OH + CO → HCOOCH 3 Caesium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium. The most important formate ester is methyl formate, which is produced as an intermediate en route to formic acid. Caesium is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 C, which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Many form spontaneously when alcohols dissolve in formic acid. įormate is reversibly oxidized by the enzyme formate dehydrogenase from Desulfovibrio gigas: HCO − 2 → CO 2 + H + + 2 e − Formate esters įormate esters have the formula HCOOR (alternative way of writing formula ROC(O)H or RO 2CH). Specific conversions include testosterone to estradiol and androstenedione to estrone. These conversions are catalyzed by aromatase enzymes using O 2 as the oxidant. Formate (or formic acid) is invoked as a leaving group in the demethylation of some sterols. It provides a C-1 source in the biosynthesis of some nucleic acids. It is formed from many precursors including choline, serine, and sarcosine. The remaining C-H bond is not acidic.įormate is a common C-1 source in living systems. The two oxygen atoms are equivalent and bear a partial negative charge. When dissolved in water, formic acid converts to formate:įormate is a planar anion. The salts and esters are generally colorless. Formate is an anion ( HCO − 2) or its derivatives such as ester of formic acid. Formate ( IUPAC name: methanoate) is the conjugate base of formic acid.
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